σφεῖς

σφεῖς,

A FORMS: nom.

σφεῖς Hdt.7.168

, Th.5.46,65, X.An. 7.5.9, HG5.2.8, Pl.R.487c:—the uncontr, form σφέες is never found, cf. A.D.Pron.93.1, though recognized by Greg.Cor.p.479 S.:—the obl. cases only are used by Hom.

2 Gen. σφέων, in Hom. a monosyll., and sts. enclitic, Il.18.311, Od.3.134; poet. σφείων only in Il., and always in phrase ὦσαν ἀπὸ σφείων, 4.535, 5.626, 13.148; σφέων also in Hdt.2.4, 4.35, al.; [dialect] Att.

σφῶν IG12.39.67

, al., Th.1.120, al., Antipho 6.23, etc., also in Hom. in the phrase σφῶν αὐτῶν, Il.12.155, 19.302.

3 Dat. σφίσι ([etym.] ν) or σφισι ([etym.] ν) 4.2, 17.453, 22.288,474, A. Pr.481, Hdt.1.4, al., Th.1.19, al., X.HG1.7.5, etc.; more freq. in the forms σφι, σφιν, Il.2.612,614, al., A.Pr.254, al., Hdt.1.31, al. (not in [dialect] Att. Prose); in Trag. never σφι; sts. elided σφ', Il.3.300, 8.4, etc.; σφιν also in [dialect] Dor. Prose, SIG56.48 (Argos, v B.C.), IG22.1126.25 (Delph. Amphict., iv B.C.), Schwyzer 92.5 (Argos, iii B.C.), Anon. in PSI9.1091.21:—σφίσι ([etym.] ν) is not enclitic acc. to A.D.Pron.98.12, sts. enclitic acc. to Hdn.Gr.2.42 (who says elsewh. (2.57) that pronouns beginning with σφ- are always enclitic); σφι ([etym.] ν) is enclitic, exc. at the beginning of a phrase, as

σφὶν δ' αὐτοῖς Hes.Fr.49

(cited by A.D.Pron.98.11).

4 Acc., [dialect] Ep. and [dialect] Ion. σφέᾰς (enclit. σφεας) Hom. (v. infr.), Archil.27.2, Hdt.1.4,5, al.; freq. to be pronounced as one long syllable, as in

οὐ μέν σφεας ἔτ' ἔολπα Od.8.315

, cf. 480, 13.213,276; but also as a disyll., Il.12.43, Od.12.225, al.; σφᾰς enclit. in Il.5.567, Parm.1.12, Theoc.21.16, not enclit. in Opp.C.1.471, H.2.231; [dialect] Att.

σφᾶς IG12.101.3

, Th.1.24, E.Med.1378, Or.1127, etc.; enclit. σφας [ᾱ, cf. S.Ant.128 (anap.)] S.OT1470,1508, OC486; also σφε Il.19.265, Simon.99, Pi.P.5.86, A.Th.630 (lyr.), 788 (lyr.), 864 (anap.), S.OT1505, OC605, 1669, E.Med.394, etc.; never in Com. (for Ar.Eq.1020 is a burlesque oracle), nor in [dialect] Att. Prose; once in Hdt. (7.170, sed leg. σφέας): neut. σφεα (v. infr. 111).

II Rare dialectic forms:—[dialect] Lacon. dat. φιν, EM702.41; used also by Emp.22.3, Call.Dian.125,213, Fr.183, Nic.Th.725: [dialect] Aeol. dat. and acc. ἄσφι, ἄσφε, Sapph.43, Alc.73: Syrac. dat. and acc. ψιν, ψε, Sophr.93,94, Theoc.4.3; ψε and ψεαυτόνς also Cretan, Rendic.Pont. Accad.Rom. di Arch.7.106, Riv.Fil.58(1930).473; Cret. dat.

ψιναυτοῖς Riv.Ist.Arch.2.19

: Arc. dat. σφεις IG5(2).6.10, 18 ([place name] Tegea).-- For the dual v. σφωέ: like other pl. forms σφε can be used with reference to two persons, Il.11.111, Od.8.271, 21.192, 206; so σφεας, Il.11.128.

III Gender:—in Hom. this Pron. has no neut.; in Od.9.70, 10.355, it refers to things, denoted by feminine nouns: but in [dialect] Ion. Prose occurs the neut. pl. σφεα, Hdt.1.46,89, 2.119, 3.53 (σφε codd.), 7.50, Abyd.9; σφε is acc. pl. neut. in Theoc.15.80.

B MEANINGS:

I they, them, pl. of οὗ B.I,

ἐκ γάρ σφεων φρένας εἵλετο Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη Il.18.311

;

τῶ σφεων πολέες κακὸν οἶτον ἐπέσπον Od.3.134

;

μετὰ δέ σφισι πότνια Ἥβη νέκταρ ἐῳνοχόει Il.4.2

;

οὔ σφι θαλάσσια ἔργα μεμήλει 2.614

;

ἐγώ σφισιν ἔδειξα κράσεις ἠπίων ἀκεσμάτων A.Pr.481

, cf. 443,457, S.OT1470, al., E.Med.1378; this use is not found in Prose, exc. in dialects, SIG56.48 (Argos, v B.C.), IG22.1126.25 (Delph. Amphict., iv B.C.), Hdt.1.3, 2.15, al.

b παρὰ δέ σφιν ἑκάστῳ δίζυγες ἵπποι ἑστᾶσι beside each of them, Il.5.195.

2 reflexively, as pl. of

οὗ B. 11.1

,

ὦσαν ἀπὸ σφείων 4.535

, al.;

αἵ ἑ μετὰ σφίσιν εἶχον 22.474

, cf. Th.2.76; later with the same restriction as for

οὗ B. 11.1

, e.g.

φράζοντες ὡς οὔ σφι περιοπτέη ἐστὶ ἡ Ἑλλὰς ἀπολλυμένη· ἢν γὰρ σφαλῇ, σφεῖς γε οὐδὲν ἄλλο ἢ δουλεύσουσι τῇ πρώτῃ τῶν ἡμερέων Hdt.7.168

, cf. Th.5.46,65, X.An.7.5.9, HG5.2.8, Pl.R.487c.

3 oblique cases in combination with αὐτῶν, αὐτούς, etc., forming a reflex. Pron. used without the foreg. restriction,

ἐντὸς δὲ πυκάζοιεν σφέας αὐτούς Od.12.225

;

σφῶν δ' αὐτῶν κήδε' ἑκάστη Il.19.302

, cf. 12.155;

σφᾶς δ' αὐτάς Hes.Th.34

;

Κερκυραῖοι σφῶν αὐτῶν τοὺς ἐχθροὺς δοκοῦντας εἶναι ἐφόνευον Th.3.81

, cf. 1.139, al.; it sts. = ἀλλήλους ([etym.] -ων)

, ἀλλήλοις κοτέοντες ἐπὶ σφέας ὁρμήσωσι Hes.Sc.403

;

ποθεινοτέρως σφῶν αὐτῶν ἔχειν X.Lac.1.5

; σφᾶς (σφὰς cod. L) αὐτοὺς . . ἐπέφραδον informed one another, A.R.2.959; but σφᾶς ἑωυτάς is prob. f.l. in Hp.Epid.2.1.3: cf. Thom.Mag.p.329 R.

II as sg., = him, her, in the dat. and acc. forms σφι (ν) , σφε; σφιν is so used in h.Pan.19, h.Hom.30.9, A.Pers.759, S.OC1490 (in Od.15.524 σφιν refers to all the suitors, and in Hes.Sc.113 to Ares and Cycnus); σφι in Lyc.1242; σφε = him, her, in Pi.I.6(5).74, A.Pr.9, Th.469, al., S.OT761, Ant.44, Ph.200 (anap.), al., E.Alc.107 (lyr.), 149,200, Med.33, al.; = it (of a masc. noun) in S.OC40: f.l. for σφεα in Hdt.3.52,53, and for σφεας Id.1.71, al.

III once as 2 pers. pl. reflex.,

ἠνώγει δέ μ' ἰόντα . . πυθέσθαι ἠὲ . . ἦ . . φύξιν βουλεύοιτε μετὰ σφίσιν Il.10.398

(reported from φύξιν βουλεύουσι μετὰ σφίσιν ib.311); σφέας for ὑμᾶς in Hdt.3.71 (but with v.l. σφεα).

IV later as 1 pers. pl. (cf. σφέτερος, σφωΐτερος, ἑός)

, ἧμιν ἐνὶ σφίσι A.R.2.1278

; σφᾶς = ἡμᾶς, Men.Prot.p.119 D.; censured by Luc.Sol.8,9.